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Thursday, January 31, 2013
New record for the biggest wave ever surfed? (+video)
Garrett McNamara may have set a new world record for the largest wave ever surfed. Garrett McNamara surfed a wave off Portugal that was about 100-feet high.
Was Garrett McNamara humming 'Oops, I did it again?" as he rode a 100-foot wave off Portugal?
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On Monday, McNamara may have broken his own record for the largest wave ever surfed. McNamara returned to Nazar?, Portugal, where he set a record a little more than a year ago.
As The Christian Science Monitor reported last May: The Guinness World Records recognized a 44-year-old Hawaii pro surfer for catching a 78-foot wave off the coast of Portugal, saying the November [2011] feat beats a 2008 record for the biggest ridden by more than 1 foot.
Nazare is known as a prime spot for big rides.? The waves roll in off the Atlantic Ocean and travel along an undersea canyon that generate some of the biggest waves on the planet. The Nazare canyon is about 16,000 feet deep in places, and about 140?miles long.
On Monday, :"The conditions in Nazar? were heavenly perfect. Light southern winds and strong swell coming from northwest and hitting the local canyon as it should," according to SurferToday.com.
McNamara is waiting confirmation of the size of the latest wave and whether a new record was set.
McNamara, who began surfing at age 11 and went pro at 17, said the achievement became more important to him when he realized it could help him urge more people to follow their passions.
"The world would be a much better place if everyone was doing what they wanted to do," he told the Associated Press last year after he set the record.
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Wednesday, January 30, 2013
Disney closing 'Epic Mickey' video game developer
FILE - This undated publicity file photo provided by Disney shows Mickey Mouse using a paintbrush to fight a monster in "Epic Mickey 2: The Power of Two," (Disney, for the Xbox 360, PlayStation 3, $59.99; Wii U, $54.99; Wii, $49.99). The interactive arm of the Walt Disney Co. announced Tuesday, Jan. 29, 2013, that it is closing Junction Point Studios. The Austin, Texas-based video game developer created 2010's "Disney Epic Mickey" and its 2012 sequel "Epic Mickey 2." (AP Photo/Disney)
FILE - This undated publicity file photo provided by Disney shows Mickey Mouse using a paintbrush to fight a monster in "Epic Mickey 2: The Power of Two," (Disney, for the Xbox 360, PlayStation 3, $59.99; Wii U, $54.99; Wii, $49.99). The interactive arm of the Walt Disney Co. announced Tuesday, Jan. 29, 2013, that it is closing Junction Point Studios. The Austin, Texas-based video game developer created 2010's "Disney Epic Mickey" and its 2012 sequel "Epic Mickey 2." (AP Photo/Disney)
LOS ANGELES (AP) ? Now it's time to say goodbye to "Epic Mickey."
The interactive division of the Walt Disney Co. announced Tuesday that it is closing Junction Point Studios, its Austin, Texas-based developer that created 2010's "Disney Epic Mickey" and its 2012 sequel "Epic Mickey 2: The Power of Two."
Disney said the closure is part of its "effort to address the fast-evolving gaming platforms and marketplace" and to align its resources with its key priorities.
"We're extremely grateful to Warren Spector and the Junction Point team for their creative contributions to Disney with 'Disney Epic Mickey' and 'Disney Epic Mickey 2,'" the studio said in a statement.
Disney acquired Junction Point in 2007. The studio was led by "Deus Ex" and "Thief" creator Warren Spector.
Both "Epic Mickey" games were set in a twisted version of Disneyland called Wasteland and featured Mickey Mouse and Oswald the Lucky Rabbit as protagonists.
"I said to myself as Junction Point embarked on the 'Epic Mickey' journey that, worst case, we'd be 'a footnote in Disney history,'" Spector posted Monday on Facebook. "Looking back on it, I think we did far better than that. With Mickey Mouse as our hero, we introduced a mainstream audience to some cool 'core game' concepts ? and, most especially, we restored Oswald the Lucky Rabbit to a place of prominence."
The first "Epic Mickey," which was released only for the Nintendo Wii, was the sixth best-selling game the month it was released in 2010. "Epic Mickey 2," which was available for the Wii, as well as the Sony PlayStation 3 and Microsoft's Xbox 360, didn't crack the top 10 when it was released last November, according to gaming industry tracker NPD Group.
Disney unveiled plans earlier this month for a new franchise combining a toy line and a game called "Disney Infinity," similar to "Skylanders" from Activision-Blizzard Inc. "Infinity" is being developed by Disney's Salt Lake City, Utah-based developer Avalanche Software and is set to debut in June alongside "Monsters University," the 3-D prequel to the 2001 Disney-Pixar film "Monsters Inc."
___
Follow AP Entertainment Writer Derrik J. Lang at http://www.twitter.com/derrikjlang .
___
Online:
http://www.junctionpoint.com
http://disney.go.com/disneyinteractivestudios
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Common genetic alteration found in head and neck cancers may not be key to effective treatment
Jan. 29, 2013 ? Although a large majority of head and neck cancers have a deregulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, data recently published in Cancer Research, a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, indicated that deregulation of this pathway does not necessarily signify that the tumor is dependent on it for survival and progression.
Cancer, particularly of the head and neck, is highly heterogeneous, with a large number of genetic alterations rendering it resistant to specific targeted treatments. Because cancer is linked to genetic abnormalities, genomic and proteomic biomarkers are currently being used to design targeted therapeutic intervention for a variety of cancer indications.
Research has shown the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is deregulated in a large majority of solid tumors. Treatment with mTOR inhibitors results in robust activity in certain cancer cell lines, but they are not effective in all patients. Researchers are currently using biomarkers to try to stratify patients for response to mTOR inhibitors.
"However, these technologies have limited success due to their inherent limitations in lack of clarity in distinguishing driver mutations in pathways from those of passengers," said Pradip K. Majumder, Ph.D., of the division of cancer biology at Mitra Biotech, Bangalore, India.
Majumder and colleagues used a systems biology approach called tumor explant model to distinguish driver mutations, or those that are critical for a tumor's survival, from passenger mutations. This distinction is important for stratifying patients for current treatments and for developing novel rational combinations of anticancer agents.
The researchers collected fresh tumor tissue from 22 patients with head and neck cancers and conducted ex-vivo explant experiments. They were able to identify responders to rapamycin, an mTOR inhibitor. However, a majority of the tumor samples did not have an antitumor effect after treatment with the mTOR inhibitor, possibly because rapamycin is known to activate the AKT pathway.
To combat the AKT pathway activation, Majumder and colleagues treated the tumor samples with rapamycin in combination with an AKT inhibitor. Rapamycin-induced AKT activation was reversed, but a subset of patients still failed to respond.
"While few tumors are dependent on only mTOR, others are dependent on both mTOR and AKT," Majumder said. "However, a majority of the mTOR pathway-activated tumors seemed to not be dependent on this axis for survival or maintenance."
Targeted phosphoproteomic characterization of tumors resistant to dual AKT/mTOR inhibitors showed that multiple pathways were supporting the tumors' proliferation and survival and likely responsible for treatment resistance. This approach of combining ex vivo functional analyses with molecular profiling could potentially be used to stratify patients for appropriate combination therapy, according to Majumder.
"A majority of anticancer drugs fail in the phase II efficacy stage of clinical development due to a lack of technologies to identify and appropriately stratify patients according to their tumor pathway dependence," Majumder said. "Using this approach, researchers may be able to develop a translational tool for further clinical development of novel anticancer drugs."
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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by American Association for Cancer Research (AACR).
Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.
Journal Reference:
- Padhma Radhakrishnan, Ulaganathan Baraneedharan, Subhadra Veluchamy, Muthu Dhandapani, Dency D. Pinto, Saravanan Thiyagarajan, Allen Thayakumar, Arun Prasath, Kamal A, Ayyappan Velu, Misti Jain, Nilesh Brijwani, Prasad Narayanan, Vikram D. Kekatpure, Biswanath Majumder,. Inhibition of Rapamycin-Induced AKT Activation Elicits Differential Antitumor Response in Head and Neck Cancers. Cancer Res, January 29, 2013 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-12-2545
Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.
Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.
Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/~3/sVPRNYggTeY/130129144751.htm
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Tuesday, January 29, 2013
Sept. 11 defendants won't respond to Gitmo judge
GUANTANAMO BAY NAVAL BASE, Cuba (AP) ? Two Sept. 11 defendants delayed the start of their hearing Monday at Guantanamo when they refused to respond to questions from their judge in the case.
Defense lawyers didn't say what prompted the silent protest by self-proclaimed terrorist mastermind Khalid Sheikh Mohammed and one of five co-defendants at the military tribunal on the U.S. base in Cuba. Mohammed refused to say whether he approved the hiring of another attorney for him. Fellow defendant Walid bin Attash refused to say why he wanted a military lawyer removed from his team.
Their silence Monday delayed by about an hour the start of a four-day hearing on pretrial motions for the five Guantanamo prisoners charges in the death penalty case. The judge eventually granted the changes without statements from the men.
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Physicians' brain scans indicate doctors can feel their patients' pain -- and their relief
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Public release date: 29-Jan-2013[ | E-mail |
Share ] Contact: Bonnie Prescott
bprescot@bidmc.harvard.edu
617-667-7306
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Novel experiment illuminates the importance of the doctor-patient relationship
BOSTON A patient's relationship with his or her doctor has long been considered an important component of healing. Now, in a novel investigation in which physicians underwent brain scans while they believed they were actually treating patients, researchers have provided the first scientific evidence indicating that doctors truly can feel their patients' pain and can also experience their relief following treatment.
Led by researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) and the Program in Placebo Studies and Therapeutic Encounter (PiPS) at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, the new findings, which appear on-line today in Molecular Psychiatry, help to illuminate one of the more intangible aspects of health care the doctor/patient relationship.
"Our findings showed that the same brain regions that have previously been shown to be activated when patients receive placebo therapies are similarly activated in the brains of doctors when they administer what they think are effective treatments," explains first author Karin Jensen, PhD, an investigator in the Department of Psychiatry and Martinos Center for Biological Imaging at MGH and member of the PiPS. Notably, she adds, the findings also showed that the physicians who reported greater ability to take things from the patients' perspective, that is, to empathize with patients' feelings, experienced higher satisfaction during patients' treatments, as reflected in the brain scans.
"By demonstrating that caring for patients involves a complex set of brain events, including deep understanding of the patient's facial and body expressions, possibly in combination with the physician's own expectations of relief and feelings of reward, we have been able to elucidate the neurobiology underlying caregiving," adds senior author Ted Kaptchuk, director of the PiPS and Associate Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School. "Our findings provide early evidence of the importance of interacting brain networks between patients and caregivers and acknowledge the doctor/patient relationship as a valued component of health care, alongside medications and procedures."
Previous investigations have demonstrated that a brain region associated with pain relief (right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, VLPFC) and a region associated with reward (rostral anterior cingulate cortex, rACC) are activated when patients experience the placebo effect, which occurs when patients show improvement from treatments that contain no active ingredients. The placebo effect accounts for significant portions of clinical outcomes in many illnesses -- including pain, depression and anxiety.
Although behavioral research has suggested that physicians' expectations influence patients' clinical outcomes and help determine patients' placebo responses, until now little effort has been directed to understanding the biology underlying the physician component of the clinical relationship. Jensen and her colleagues hypothesized that the same brain regions that are activated during patients' placebo responses the VLPFC and rACC -- would similarly be activated in the brains of physicians as they treated patients. They also hypothesized that a physician's perspective-taking skills would influence the outcomes.
To test these hypotheses, the scientists developed a unique equipment arrangement that would enable them to conduct functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the physicians' brains while the doctors had face-to-face interactions with patients, including observing patients as they underwent pain treatments.
The experiment included 18 physicians (all of whom had received their medical degree within the last 10 years and represented nine separate medical specialties). Two 25-year-old females played the role of "patients" and followed a rehearsed script. The experiment called for the participating physicians to administer pain relief with what they thought was a pain-relieving electronic device, but which was actually a non-active "sham" device.
To ensure that the physicians believed that the sham device really worked, the investigators first administered a dose of "heat pain" to the physicians' forearms to gauge pain threshold and then "treated" them with the fake machine. During the treatments, the investigators reduced the heat stimulation, to demonstrate to the participants that the therapy worked. The physicians underwent fMRI scans while they experienced the painful heat stimulation so that investigators could see exactly which brain regions were activated during first-person perception of pain.
In the second portion of the experiment,each physician was introduced to a patient and asked to perform a standardized clinical examination, which was conducted in a typical exam room for approximately 20 minutes. (The clinical exam was performed in order to establish a realistic rapport between the physician and patient before fMRI scanning took place, and was comparable to a standard U.S. doctor's appointment.) At this point the physician also answered a questionnaire, the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, used to measure the participant's self-reported perspective-taking skills.
During the third step, says Jensen, the physician and patient were led into the scanner room. "The physician went inside the scanner and was equipped with a remote control that could activate the 'analgesic device' when prompted," she explains. Mirrors inside the scanner enabled physicians to maintain eye contact with the patient, who was seated on a chair next to the scanner's bed and hooked up to both the thermal pain stimulator and the pain-relieving device.
Then, in a randomized order, physicians were instructed to either treat a patient's pain or to press a control button that provided no relief. When physicians were told not to activate pain relief, the "patient" exhibited a painful facial expression while the physicians watched. When the physicians were instructed to treat the patients' pain, they could see that the subjects' faces were neutral and relaxed, the result of pain relief. During these doctor-patient interactions, fMRI scans measured the doctors' brain activations.
Following the scanning session, the physicians were removed from the scanner and told exactly how the experiment had been performed, says Jensen. "If the physician did not agree with the deceptive component of the study, they were given the opportunity to withdraw their data. No one did this."
As predicted, the authors found that while treating patients, the physicians activated the right VLPFC region of the brain, a region previously implicated in the placebo response. Furthermore, Jensen adds, the physicians' ability to take the patients' viewpoints correlated to brain activations and subjective ratings; physicians who reported high perspective-taking skills were more likely to show activation in the rACC brain region, which is associated with reward.
"We already know that the physician-patient relationship provides solace and can even relieve many symptoms," adds Kaptchuk. "Now, for the first time, we've shown that caring for patients encompasses a unique neurobiology in physicians. Our ultimate goal is to transform the 'art of medicine' into the 'science of care,' and this research is an important first step in this process as we continue investigations to find out how patient-clinician interactions can lead to measurable clinical outcomes in patients."
###
In addition to Jensen and Kaptchuk, study coauthors include MGH and PiPS investigators Jacqueline Raicek, Alexandra Cheetham, Rosa Spaeth, Amanda Cook, Randy L. Gollub, and Jian Kong; Predrag Petrovic of the Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and Irving Kirsch of the PiPS.
This study was funded, in part, by the Swedish Society for Medical Research and the Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research, Osher Center for Integrative Medicine (Karolinska Institute) and by NIH grants from the National Center on Complementary and Alternative Medicine (K24AT004095; P01 AT003883; R21AT004497; R01AT006364; R01AT005280), the National Institute on Drug Abuse (R03AT218317); and the National Center for Research Resources (M01-RR-01066 and UL1 RR025758-01; and P41RR14075).
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center is a patient care, teaching and research affiliate of Harvard Medical School and currently ranks third in National Institutes of Health funding among independent hospitals nationwide. BIDMC is clinically affiliated with the Joslin Diabetes Center and is a research partner of the Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center. BIDMC is the official hospital of the Boston Red Sox. For more information, visit www.bidmc.org.
Massachusetts General Hospital, founded in 1811, is the original and largest teaching hospital of Harvard Medical School. The MGH conducts the largest hospital-based research program in the United States, with an annual research budget of more than $750 million and major research centers in AIDS, cardiovascular research, cancer, computational and integrative biology, cutaneous biology, human genetics, medical imaging, neurodegenerative disorders, regenerative medicine, reproductive biology, systems biology, transplantation biology and photomedicine. In July 2012, MGH moved into the number one spot on the 2012-13 U.S. News & World Report list of "America's Best Hospitals."
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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
Public release date: 29-Jan-2013[ | E-mail |
Share ] Contact: Bonnie Prescott
bprescot@bidmc.harvard.edu
617-667-7306
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Novel experiment illuminates the importance of the doctor-patient relationship
BOSTON A patient's relationship with his or her doctor has long been considered an important component of healing. Now, in a novel investigation in which physicians underwent brain scans while they believed they were actually treating patients, researchers have provided the first scientific evidence indicating that doctors truly can feel their patients' pain and can also experience their relief following treatment.
Led by researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) and the Program in Placebo Studies and Therapeutic Encounter (PiPS) at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, the new findings, which appear on-line today in Molecular Psychiatry, help to illuminate one of the more intangible aspects of health care the doctor/patient relationship.
"Our findings showed that the same brain regions that have previously been shown to be activated when patients receive placebo therapies are similarly activated in the brains of doctors when they administer what they think are effective treatments," explains first author Karin Jensen, PhD, an investigator in the Department of Psychiatry and Martinos Center for Biological Imaging at MGH and member of the PiPS. Notably, she adds, the findings also showed that the physicians who reported greater ability to take things from the patients' perspective, that is, to empathize with patients' feelings, experienced higher satisfaction during patients' treatments, as reflected in the brain scans.
"By demonstrating that caring for patients involves a complex set of brain events, including deep understanding of the patient's facial and body expressions, possibly in combination with the physician's own expectations of relief and feelings of reward, we have been able to elucidate the neurobiology underlying caregiving," adds senior author Ted Kaptchuk, director of the PiPS and Associate Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School. "Our findings provide early evidence of the importance of interacting brain networks between patients and caregivers and acknowledge the doctor/patient relationship as a valued component of health care, alongside medications and procedures."
Previous investigations have demonstrated that a brain region associated with pain relief (right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, VLPFC) and a region associated with reward (rostral anterior cingulate cortex, rACC) are activated when patients experience the placebo effect, which occurs when patients show improvement from treatments that contain no active ingredients. The placebo effect accounts for significant portions of clinical outcomes in many illnesses -- including pain, depression and anxiety.
Although behavioral research has suggested that physicians' expectations influence patients' clinical outcomes and help determine patients' placebo responses, until now little effort has been directed to understanding the biology underlying the physician component of the clinical relationship. Jensen and her colleagues hypothesized that the same brain regions that are activated during patients' placebo responses the VLPFC and rACC -- would similarly be activated in the brains of physicians as they treated patients. They also hypothesized that a physician's perspective-taking skills would influence the outcomes.
To test these hypotheses, the scientists developed a unique equipment arrangement that would enable them to conduct functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the physicians' brains while the doctors had face-to-face interactions with patients, including observing patients as they underwent pain treatments.
The experiment included 18 physicians (all of whom had received their medical degree within the last 10 years and represented nine separate medical specialties). Two 25-year-old females played the role of "patients" and followed a rehearsed script. The experiment called for the participating physicians to administer pain relief with what they thought was a pain-relieving electronic device, but which was actually a non-active "sham" device.
To ensure that the physicians believed that the sham device really worked, the investigators first administered a dose of "heat pain" to the physicians' forearms to gauge pain threshold and then "treated" them with the fake machine. During the treatments, the investigators reduced the heat stimulation, to demonstrate to the participants that the therapy worked. The physicians underwent fMRI scans while they experienced the painful heat stimulation so that investigators could see exactly which brain regions were activated during first-person perception of pain.
In the second portion of the experiment,each physician was introduced to a patient and asked to perform a standardized clinical examination, which was conducted in a typical exam room for approximately 20 minutes. (The clinical exam was performed in order to establish a realistic rapport between the physician and patient before fMRI scanning took place, and was comparable to a standard U.S. doctor's appointment.) At this point the physician also answered a questionnaire, the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, used to measure the participant's self-reported perspective-taking skills.
During the third step, says Jensen, the physician and patient were led into the scanner room. "The physician went inside the scanner and was equipped with a remote control that could activate the 'analgesic device' when prompted," she explains. Mirrors inside the scanner enabled physicians to maintain eye contact with the patient, who was seated on a chair next to the scanner's bed and hooked up to both the thermal pain stimulator and the pain-relieving device.
Then, in a randomized order, physicians were instructed to either treat a patient's pain or to press a control button that provided no relief. When physicians were told not to activate pain relief, the "patient" exhibited a painful facial expression while the physicians watched. When the physicians were instructed to treat the patients' pain, they could see that the subjects' faces were neutral and relaxed, the result of pain relief. During these doctor-patient interactions, fMRI scans measured the doctors' brain activations.
Following the scanning session, the physicians were removed from the scanner and told exactly how the experiment had been performed, says Jensen. "If the physician did not agree with the deceptive component of the study, they were given the opportunity to withdraw their data. No one did this."
As predicted, the authors found that while treating patients, the physicians activated the right VLPFC region of the brain, a region previously implicated in the placebo response. Furthermore, Jensen adds, the physicians' ability to take the patients' viewpoints correlated to brain activations and subjective ratings; physicians who reported high perspective-taking skills were more likely to show activation in the rACC brain region, which is associated with reward.
"We already know that the physician-patient relationship provides solace and can even relieve many symptoms," adds Kaptchuk. "Now, for the first time, we've shown that caring for patients encompasses a unique neurobiology in physicians. Our ultimate goal is to transform the 'art of medicine' into the 'science of care,' and this research is an important first step in this process as we continue investigations to find out how patient-clinician interactions can lead to measurable clinical outcomes in patients."
###
In addition to Jensen and Kaptchuk, study coauthors include MGH and PiPS investigators Jacqueline Raicek, Alexandra Cheetham, Rosa Spaeth, Amanda Cook, Randy L. Gollub, and Jian Kong; Predrag Petrovic of the Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and Irving Kirsch of the PiPS.
This study was funded, in part, by the Swedish Society for Medical Research and the Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research, Osher Center for Integrative Medicine (Karolinska Institute) and by NIH grants from the National Center on Complementary and Alternative Medicine (K24AT004095; P01 AT003883; R21AT004497; R01AT006364; R01AT005280), the National Institute on Drug Abuse (R03AT218317); and the National Center for Research Resources (M01-RR-01066 and UL1 RR025758-01; and P41RR14075).
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center is a patient care, teaching and research affiliate of Harvard Medical School and currently ranks third in National Institutes of Health funding among independent hospitals nationwide. BIDMC is clinically affiliated with the Joslin Diabetes Center and is a research partner of the Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center. BIDMC is the official hospital of the Boston Red Sox. For more information, visit www.bidmc.org.
Massachusetts General Hospital, founded in 1811, is the original and largest teaching hospital of Harvard Medical School. The MGH conducts the largest hospital-based research program in the United States, with an annual research budget of more than $750 million and major research centers in AIDS, cardiovascular research, cancer, computational and integrative biology, cutaneous biology, human genetics, medical imaging, neurodegenerative disorders, regenerative medicine, reproductive biology, systems biology, transplantation biology and photomedicine. In July 2012, MGH moved into the number one spot on the 2012-13 U.S. News & World Report list of "America's Best Hospitals."
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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/bidm-pbs012513.php
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Monday, January 28, 2013
Flu Activity Up and Down
Although some areas of the U.S. may be seeing declines in influenza activity, others are seeing increases, and hospitalizations and deaths continue to rise, the CDC reported Friday.
In general, states in the South, Southeast, Midwest, and New England have waning activity and those in the Southwest and Northwest have increasing numbers of cases, the agency said in its report of flu activity for the week ending Jan. 19.
Numbers of hospitalizations and deaths lag behind reported flu cases, however, as it takes time for people to develop the complications from their infections. This past week there was another spike in the proportion of deaths attributed to pneumonia and influenza -- to 9.8 percent from 8.3 percent the week before. That figure remained above the epidemic threshold of 7.3 percent for the third straight week.
Read this story on www.medpagetoday.com.
Eight more flu-related deaths among children were reported, bringing the total to 37 -- spread out in 18 states and New York City. The pediatric death toll now exceeds that from the relatively mild 2011-2012 season, when 34 children succumbed to the flu.
Children Raised on Farms Develop Better Immune Systems Watch Video Flu Epidemic Fears Cause Americans to Alter Daily Routines Watch VideoThe rate of laboratory-confirmed flu-related hospitalizations increased from the week before as well, from 18.8 to 22.2 per 100,000. Half of all hospitalizations have occurred in individuals 65 and older, who are being admitted for the flu at a rate of about 97 per 100,000.
The numbers indicate a continuation of what CDC director Thomas Frieden, MD, MPH, last week called "a worse-than-average season".
The proportion of outpatient visits attributed to flu-like illness was 4.3 percent in the most recent week of data, down from 4.6 percent and 4.8 percent the prior two weeks. That figure remained above the national baseline of 2.2% for the seventh straight week.
There was a decline in the numbers of states reporting high flu-like illness activity -- from 30 states and New York City the week before, to 26 states and New York City for the week ending Jan. 19.
Nearly all states continued to report geographically widespread influenza activity, with Georgia and Tennessee reporting regional activity and Hawaii and the District of Columbia reporting local activity.
The CDC reiterated the continued importance of getting vaccinated, noting that people may have to search in a couple of different places before finding the vaccine, which has proven to be a good match for the circulating viruses.
The agency also stressed the effectiveness of antiviral treatment when used within 48 hours of developing symptoms, particularly for older individuals and others at high risk for flu-related complications.
Testing of influenza strains during the most recent week uncovered the first virus of the season -- a 2009 influenza A(H1N1) virus -- that was resistant to treatment with oseltamivir (Tamiflu). All of the tested viruses were susceptible to the other neuraminidase inhibitor, zanamivir (Relenza).
Source: http://abcnews.go.com/Health/ColdandFlu/flu-activity-epidemic/story?id=18316402
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Lawsuit Over Google Cookies On Apple's Safari - Business Insider
Google is facing a legal battle from UK internet users complaining that their privacy has been breached by the firm.
A group of 12 people, all of whom use Apple devices, are seeking damages from the internet giant after claiming that their browsing habits were secretly tracked.
It is thought the case, being brought against Google by law firm Olswang on behalf of the internet users, is the first of its kind in the UK.
They say that cookies, small tracking files, were installed by Google on the Apple computers and mobile devices of those using the Safari internet browser without their knowledge .
Cookies are used by advertisers, and owners of other websites, to target advertising based on an individual's internet use. One example given by Olswang is that a person carrying out an internet search for an engagement ring could find that their partner, when using the same device, later encounters adverts for rings when browsing online.
Claimants thought that cookies would be blocked because of assurances given by Google in the time their devices were allegedly affected, from summer 2011 to spring 2012, and also because of Safari's default settings.
Dan Tench, a partner at Olswang, said: "Google has a responsibility to consumers and should be accountable for the trust placed in them.
"We hope that they will take this opportunity to give Safari users a proper explanation about what happened, to apologize and, where appropriate, compensate the victims of their intrusion."
Judith Vidal-Hall, former editor of magazine Index on Censorship, has issued proceedings against Google after claiming they had covertly tracked her use of the internet.
The 74-year-old said: "Google claims it does not collect personal data but doesn't say who decides what information is 'personal'.
"Whether something is private or not should be up to the internet surfer, not Google. We are best placed to decide, not them."
A campaigning group, called Safari Users Against Google's Secret Tracking, has been set up on Facebook and Olswang believes it could prompt others to come forward to take action. It is estimated there were 10 million users of Apple products in the UK at the relevant time.
Google was fined $22.5m (?14.2m) in the US in late 2012 for using tracking cookies on Safari.
Mr Tench described the matter as being "concerning", especially because of the size of the company involved.
He said: "One of the things about this case is the ubiquity of Google. It is ever-present in our lives.
"The fact that they are the ones who have acted in this way is a matter of concern."
He said claimants were entitled to an explanation about what had happened and how their personal information was used.
A Google spokesman said they were unable to comment.
Nick Pickles, director of civil liberties campaign group Big Brother Watch, said: "This episode was no accident.
"Google tracked people when they had explicitly said they did not want to be tracked, so it's no surprise to see consumers who believe their privacy had been steamrollered by corporate greed seeking redress through the courts.
"This case could set a hugely important legal precedent and help consumers defend their privacy against profit-led decisions to ignore people's rights."
Source: http://www.businessinsider.com/lawsuit-over-google-cookies-on-apples-safari-2013-1
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Europe Bets ?1BN And 10 Years On ?Wonder Material? Graphene As A Silicon Replacement
A graphene research initiative has been selected by the European Commission as one of two winners of its Future and Emerging Technologies (FET) research excellence award competition -- to develop the potential of graphene as a silicon replacement for future high tech kit. Each FET project will receive ?1 billion to fund 10 years of research "at the crossroads of science and technology".Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Techcrunch/~3/PlQUzIStnJA/
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Sunday, January 27, 2013
What will Michelle Obama do with four more years?
WASHINGTON (AP) ? Michelle Obama has a new look, both in person and online, and with the president's re-election, she has four more years as first lady, too.
That's got many people wondering: What will she do with them?
Take on a new cause? Travel more? Trace the path of another first lady and keep the Obama political brand alive by running for office?
The answers are to be determined.
The first lady is trying to figure out what comes next for this self-described "mom in chief" who also is a champion of healthier eating, an advocate for military families, a fitness buff and the best-selling author of a book about her White House garden.
For certain, she'll press ahead with her well-publicized efforts to reduce childhood obesity and rally the country around its service members.
"But beyond that, the first lady is exploring ways that she can make a real difference for Americans, not just for these next four years, but for years to come," said Kristina Schake, Mrs. Obama's communications director.
Here are five areas to watch.
___
NEW ISSUES
Will she take on a new cause? It's possible.
When Parade magazine asked last year whether she'd take up any new issues, Mrs. Obama identified women's health issues. "How do we strengthen families and make them healthier, an issue not just in America but around the world," she said.
Her marquee causes ? the "Let's Move" campaign against childhood obesity and the "Joining Forces" effort to help military families ? took a back seat last fall as she campaigned doggedly for President Barack Obama's re-election.
Look for her to begin publicizing those efforts anew.
Do not expect to see Mrs. Obama push more contentious issues such as gun control or immigration, both second-term priorities for the president. Her public approval rating was 73 percent in a December poll by CNN and she'd like to keep it there.
Some feminists remain unhappy that the Ivy League-educated lawyer hasn't used her position to champion what they view as more substantive issues.
Robert Watson, an American studies professor at Lynn University, said he hopes Mrs. Obama will use her popularity to pivot away from the "velvet-glove" issues first ladies typically embrace and say, "I'm swinging for the fence."
___
MALIA AND SASHA
Obama's daughters are older and will be in full teenage mode by the summer of 2014. Malia is already there at 14; sister Sasha is 11.
Both the president and first lady sometimes talk about the girls' busy lives and how they don't want to spend much time with their parents anymore.
Could having older, more independent children free Mrs. Obama to pursue other interests? Some first lady watchers say that's unlikely. After all, the teenage years are often full of angst about dating, proms, learning how to drive, going to college and so on.
"Michelle has made such a public statement about being the 'mom in chief' that it's hard to see her saying, 'Go ahead girls, here's the limo,'" Watson said.
Malia will graduate from high school during Obama's final year in office, in 2016, and probably trade the White House for a college dorm. She and her parents will have to navigate the college application process and campus tours. Sasha will be in high school.
___
TRAVEL
Presidents and first ladies often step up the pace of international travel in the second term. But it seems unlikely that Obama could make such a pivot just yet, with the U.S. public still so concerned about the economy, unemployment and government spending.
One option would be to send Mrs. Obama abroad in his place.
The first lady is popular overseas and has been well-received outside the U.S., including in India, where she accompanied the president in 2010, and in Mexico, also in 2010, and in South Africa and Botswana in 2011, the only countries she has visited alone as first lady.
She and Vice President Joe Biden's wife, Jill, traveled together to Haiti after the massive earthquake there in January 2010.
Mrs. Obama also went to Spain in the summer of 2010 on a personal trip with friends and daughter Sasha, but her stay at a luxury resort on the Costa del Sol wasn't well-received back home, raising questions about the cost and wisdom of taking such a trip during tough economic times.
Laura Bush pursued a grueling foreign travel schedule during George W. Bush's second term. She visited 77 countries in eight years as first lady, including with the president, but 67 of those trips came during the second term, including solo stops in Afghanistan and Saudi Arabia, according to Anita McBride, her then-chief of staff who runs American University's first ladies program.
Hillary Rodham Clinton also traveled abroad extensively during Bill Clinton's second term.
___
RUN FOR PUBLIC OFFICE
Will she or won't she? Despite Mrs. Obama's many denials of interest in seeking elected office herself, the question keeps getting asked. A recent survey found her to be more popular than Mark Kirk, the Republican senator from her home state of Illinois, in a hypothetical matchup.
"I have no interest in politics. Never have, never will," the first lady said last year on ABC's "The View."
But even those who at one time say "never" can later change their minds.
Hillary Clinton gave the same answer in 1995 when asked if she'd ever run for public office, says Myra Gutin, who studies first ladies at Rider University. But five years later, as her husband's presidency was ending, there was Clinton campaigning across New York for a Senate seat.
She won, used her time in the Senate as a springboard for her 2008 presidential campaign but lost the Democratic nomination to Barack Obama. She became his secretary of state but is departing soon amid feverish speculation that she will run for president in 2016.
Mrs. Obama will be young ? 53 years old ? when her husband leaves office in January 2017, and will have a range of options ahead of her. Friends say she has always believed there are ways to serve the country without running for office.
___
PERSONAL STYLE
Look for the first lady to continue to be a fashion trendsetter. Everything from her hair to her clothes is scrutinized, with some clothing pieces selling out quickly after she's seen wearing them.
Her new bangs became the talk of this town immediately after she went public with them on her 49th birthday, a few days before the president began his second term. Even the president said his wife's haircut was "the most significant event" of inaugural weekend and gave his approval.
Mrs. Obama also won largely positive reviews for her inaugural wardrobe: Reed Krakoff and Thom Browne by day, and Michael Kors and Jason Wu by night. Wu designed her red chiffon and velvet ball gown. He also designed the white ball gown she wore four years ago.
She also has a new presence on Twitter ? (at)FLOTUS.
___
Follow Darlene Superville on Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/dsupervilleap
Source: http://news.yahoo.com/michelle-obama-4-more-years-130004370--politics.html
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McCain: Immigration plan to have pathway to citizenship
Two senators at the center of negotiations over comprehensive immigration reform, Sen. John McCain (R-Ariz.) and Sen. Bob Menendez (D-N.J.) said on Sunday that a pathway to citizenship is an essential component of a comprehensive reform bill.
"That has to be also part of it," McCain told ABC News' Martha Raddatz on "This Week" when asked whether a pathway to citizenship would be a component of reform. "There's a new appreciation on both sides of the aisle including, maybe more importantly on the Republican side of the aisle, that we have to enact comprehensive immigration reform."
Like "This Week" on Facebook here. You can also follow the show on Twitter here.
McCain said that a small group of Senators will release the principles of a comprehensive, not "piecemeal," reform bill this week.
"I'm very pleased with the progress," McCain said. "It's not that much different from what we tried to do in 2007."
Read a full transcript of the interview with Sens. McCain and Menendez HERE.
Menendez, who met with President Obama on Friday along with other members of the Congressional Hispanic Caucus leadership, said that the president expressed his full commitment to reform.
"The president made it very clear in that discussion that this was a top legislative priority for him in this session of the Congress and that he expects to work with all of us in an effort to achieve that goal and he's fully committed to it."
He added that a pathway to "earned legalization" is an "essential element" of an immigration reform bill.
"First, Americans support it in poll after poll. Secondly, Latino voters expect it. Thirdly Democrats want it. And fourth Republicans need it," Menendez said.
McCain added that he believes Obama's use of the presidential podium on behalf of immigration reform at an event in Las Vegas planned for Tuesday will aid efforts to pass a bill.
"I think it helps," McCain said. "I think its important that we all work together on this."
"Believe it or not, I see a glimmer of bipartisanship out there," he added.
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Saturday, January 26, 2013
Gambling that their Meadowlands casino predictions come true ...
Friday?s topping-off ceremony at the Meadowlands Sports Complex was mainly about the new racetrack grandstand that will open in November.
But another sort of gambling was on the minds of most there, including track operator Jeff Gural, who said, ?Someday a casino will be here, I hope.?
Two elected officials, meanwhile, immortalized their sentiments on the final beam that was about to be put into place, as recorded by our photographer Marko Georgiev:
full-size link is here.
?Let?s have casinos,? wrote Assemblyman Ralph Caputo, D-Essex.
?I will be back for the casino steel erection!? wrote state Sen. Paul Sarlo, D-Wood-Ridge.
Both men have consistently pushed in Trenton for a Meadowlands casino, though they have been rebuffed so far by fellow Democrat and state Senate President Stephen Sweeney, D-Gloucester ? who also attended the ceremony ? as well as Governor Christie.
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College Students With Learning Disabilities ? Adopt Two New Study ...
It is common among high school students to cross the college threshold with poor study habits. For students with understanding disabilities, nonetheless, this deficit, along with college?s distinctive challenges, can swiftly set them on a downward spiral. Freshmen soon discover that provided the higher quantity of reading in college, high school habits no longer suffice. A alter in habits is required if students wish to succeed on the college level. Below, discover two useful
Strategy 1: Assessment lecture notes inside 24 hours
There are a number of factors reviewing notes following a lecture is an effective habit:
A. While the lecture is fresh in your mind, it is probably you will be capable to fill in details and examples you did not have time to write down during the lecture. Moreover, you can mark components of the lecture that had been unclear, so you can consult the instructor just before you are hopelessly confused.
B. Immediate review begins to get material into your long-term memory. This does not occur when a longer period of time has elapsed. If a student has not reviewed notes inside 24 hours, and it?s time to study for an exam, the material seems unfamiliar and will take much longer to find out. A great way to evaluation is typing your notes Cornell style (two-column note taking) later that day. This allows you to organize your notes, make them neater, and assessment all in a single sitting.
C. When it comes time for an exam, you will spend much less time studying. Just from reviewing inside 24 hours, you will have retained much what you learned.
Technique two: Use mnemonics
Have you ever had to memorize a process consisting of a lengthy list of methods? Or, for example, maybe you have to find out the elements that place teens at danger for entering the criminal justice system. Anytime you have a list to remember, mnemonics make the procedure much simpler.
Very first, choose whether or not you can modify the order of the listed items. If the items are not portion of a process or ordered in any specific way, you can re-arrange them. Assuming you can change the order, arrange them so the very first letters of the essential products in the list spell a word or represent the initial letters of words in a sentence.
Right here is an example. Anyone who takes music lessons learns that ?FACE? represents the notes in the spaces of the treble clef, and ?EGBDF? stands for ?every great boy does fine?, or the notes on the lines of the clef. With out these mnemonics, or word tricks, it would take significantly longer to bear in mind the position of the notes. As soon as we can chunk unrelated pieces of information into some thing straightforward to remember, memorization is no longer a tedious chore.
Given the quantity of info college students need to bear in mind, it tends to make sense to use mnemonics. If you are new to this technique, expect that it might take some time to feel of a word or sentence. Like anything else, the more you do it, the much better you are going to get. It also assists to believe of words or sentences that are personal and ?off-color?. These are the ones students locate most memorable!
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England Golf appoints new CEO
His experience working with legislative and parliamentary bodies proved pivotal to the appointment, which hints towards some of the aims England Golf has for the next few years.
England Golf, the result of the 2012 merger between the men?s and women?s game, is the governing body for amateur golf in England, making it far and away the biggest golf union in Europe, with nearly 2,000 golf clubs and over 760,000 golf club members on its books. Almost every club golfer in England funds England Golf via a small levy in their subscription, and the body plays a major role in introducing the game to people, helping clubs operate as businesses and managing the handicapping system.
David, the former chief executive of Scottish Athletics, replaces John Petrie, who left last year and, like David, comes from a non-golfing background. He will begin work on April 22.
He said: ?This is a really exciting time for amateur golf following the merger of the men?s and women?s game.?I am delighted to be given the opportunity to join England Golf and to work with the board, the staff team, the volunteers at national, county and club level and our key partners, as we seek to take advantage of the many opportunities for golf development throughout England.?
Derbyshire Sport is one of 49 county sports partnerships in England and provides the strategic lead for sport and active recreation in the county. ??Within this role David has directed Derbyshire?s relationships with Sport England, Sports Coach UK and many national governing bodies of sport, including England Golf.
David is also a keen golfer and until recently was a member of Trentham Park Golf Club.
Nigel Evans, chair of the England Golf board, commented: ?We are delighted that David has agreed to join us.?His extensive experience in the governance of sport and working with a variety of stakeholders, including legislative and parliamentary bodies, will be extremely valuable.?We are looking forward to David using that experience to bring future development and further growth to England Golf.?
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Friday, January 25, 2013
AT&T to buy $1.9 billion worth of 700MHz spectrum from Verizon
Verizon has made a number of deals with smaller carriers lately to unload its 700MHz spectrum, and it's now struck a deal with a big one. AT&T announced today that it's buying a large swath of spectrum in the 700 MHz B band from Verizon for $1.9 billion in cash and AWS spectrum licenses. That spectrum covers some 42 million people across 18 states, including some areas that aren't currently covered by AT&T. Expectedly, the switchover won't happen overnight -- AT&T expects the deal to close sometime in the second half of 2013, assuming it gains the necessary regulatory approval. You can find the full list of states covered by the spectrum in the press release after the break.
AT&T Agrees to Acquire 700 MHz Spectrum from Verizon Wireless
Dallas, Texas, January 25, 2013
AT&T* announced in an 8-K filing today that it has agreed to acquire spectrum in the 700 MHz B band from Verizon Wireless for $1.9 billion in cash and Advanced Wireless Services (AWS) spectrum licenses in several markets, including Phoenix, Ariz., Los Angeles and Fresno, Calif. and Portland, Ore.
The 700 MHz licenses to be acquired by AT&T cover 42 million people in 18 states - California, Colorado, Florida, Idaho, Illinois, Louisiana, Montana, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington and Wyoming.
This acquisition complements AT&T's existing holdings in the 700 MHz B band and will allow AT&T to continue to quickly deploy 4G LTE services to meet demand for mobile Internet services on a wide array of smartphones, tablets and other devices. The company announced in November 2012 that it plans to reach 300 million people in the U.S. with its 4G LTE network by the end of 2014.
In conjunction with this transaction, AT&T will sell to Grain Management a single AWS license and will lease 700 MHz spectrum from Grain Management in three markets.
The transaction is subject to regulatory approval. AT&T anticipates closing the transaction in the second half of 2013.
*AT&T products and services are provided or offered by subsidiaries and affiliates of AT&T Inc. under the AT&T brand and not by AT&T Inc.
About AT&T
AT&T Inc. (NYSE:T) is a premier communications holding company and one of the most honored companies in the world. Its subsidiaries and affiliates - AT&T operating companies - are the providers of AT&T services in the United States and internationally. With a powerful array of network resources that includes the nation's largest 4G network, AT&T is a leading provider of wireless, Wi-Fi, high speed Internet, voice and cloud-based services. A leader in mobile Internet, AT&T also offers the best wireless coverage worldwide of any U.S. carrier, offering the most wireless phones that work in the most countries. It also offers advanced TV services under the AT&T U-verse(R) and AT&T |DIRECTV brands. The company's suite of IP-based business communications services is one of the most advanced in the world.
Additional information about AT&T Inc. and the products and services provided by AT&T subsidiaries and affiliates is available at http://www.att.com/aboutus or follow our news on @ATT, on Facebook at http://www.facebook.com/att and YouTube at http://www.youtube.com/att.
(C) 2013 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. 4G not available everywhere. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
Filed under: Mobile, Verizon, AT&T
Source: AT&T
Source: http://feeds.engadget.com/~r/weblogsinc/engadget/~3/TVC4lfTDWH0/
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Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance Demo Walkthrough
Here?s the full Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance Demo walkthrough in 30 minutes. The demo for Platinum Games? Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance is available to download on Xbox LIVE and PlayStation Network. It?s also included in the Zone of the Ender HD Collection.
Demo description: ?Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance takes the renowned METAL GEAR franchise into exciting new territory by focusing on delivering an all-new action experience unlike anything that has come before. Combining world-class development teams at Kojima Productions and PlatinumGames, MGR REVENGEANCE brings two of the world?s most respected teams together with a common goal of providing players with a fresh synergetic experience that combines the best elements of pure action and epic storytelling, all within the expansive MG universe. The game introduces Raiden as the central character; a child soldier transformed into a half-man, half-machine cyborg ninja, equipped with a high-frequency katana blade and a soul fueled by revenge.?
Watch the Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance demo walkthrough with voice-over commentary:
Here?s the last half of the demo. Get your sword-slicing on!
Despite not being a traditional Metal Gear Solid game, many fans of both the Metal Gear Solid series and the high-quality Platinum Games studio are still looking forward to a game starring Raiden.
Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance will be released for Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 on February 19th, 2013 in America/Canada & February 22nd, 2013 in Europe/Australia and the rest of the world.
Walkthrough videos by: Nick
Have you tried the Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance Demo? What did you think of it?
About the author
Source: http://www.videogamesblogger.com/2013/01/24/metal-gear-rising-revengeance-demo-walkthrough.htm
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Dung beetles follow the Milky Way
Friday, January 25, 2013
You might expect dung beetles to keep their "noses to the ground," but they are actually incredibly attuned to the sky. A report published online on January 24 in Current Biology, a Cell Press publication, shows that even on the darkest of nights, African ball-rolling insects are guided by the soft glow of the Milky Way.
While birds and humans are known to navigate by the stars, the discovery is the first convincing evidence for such abilities in insects, the researchers say. It is also the first known example of any animal getting around by the Milky Way as opposed to the stars.
"Even on clear, moonless nights, many dung beetles still manage to orientate along straight paths," said Marie Dacke of Lund University in Sweden. "This led us to suspect that the beetles exploit the starry sky for orientation?a feat that had, to our knowledge, never before been demonstrated in an insect."
Dacke and her colleagues found that dung beetles do transport their dung balls along straight paths under a starlit sky but lose the ability under overcast conditions. In a planetarium, the beetles stayed on track equally well under a full starlit sky and one showing only the diffuse streak of the Milky Way.
That makes sense, the researchers explain, because the night sky is sprinkled with stars, but the vast majority of those stars should be too dim for the beetles' tiny compound eyes to see.
The findings raise the possibility that other nocturnal insects might also use stars to guide them at night. On the other hand, dung beetles are pretty special. Upon locating a suitable dung pile, the beetles shape a piece of dung into a ball and roll it away in a straight line. That behavior guarantees them that they will not return to the dung pile, where they risk having their ball stolen by other beetles.
"Dung beetles are known to use celestial compass cues such as the sun, the moon, and the pattern of polarized light formed around these light sources to roll their balls of dung along straight paths," Dacke said. "Celestial compass cues dominate straight-line orientation in dung beetles so strongly that, to our knowledge, this is the only animal with a visual compass system that ignores the extra orientation precision that landmarks can offer."
###
Current Biology, Dacke et al.: "Dung beetles use the Milky Way for orientation."
Cell Press: http://www.cellpress.com
Thanks to Cell Press for this article.
This press release was posted to serve as a topic for discussion. Please comment below. We try our best to only post press releases that are associated with peer reviewed scientific literature. Critical discussions of the research are appreciated. If you need help finding a link to the original article, please contact us on twitter or via e-mail.
This press release has been viewed 25 time(s).
Source: http://www.labspaces.net/126454/Dung_beetles_follow_the_Milky_Way
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Thursday, January 24, 2013
The expenses from auto insurance | The Squall
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